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November 05, 2004
Rosenhead(2001)
Chap.13 Multimethodology --- Mixing and Matching Methods, John Mingersを．
まず，なぜmultimethodologyなの？というはなし．
There are three main arguments in favour of
multimethodology. The first is that real world problem situations are
inevitably multidimensional. There will be physical or material
aspects, social and political aspects, and personal ones. Different
approaches tend to focus attention on different aspects of the
situation and so multimethodology is necessary to deal effectively with
the full richness of the real world. The second is that an intervention
is not usually a single, discrete event but is a process that typically
proceeds through a number of phases, and these phases pose different
tasks and problems for the practitioner. However, methodologies tend to
be more useful in relation to some phases than others, so the prospect
of combining them has immediate appeal, combining a range of approaches
may well yield a better result. Third, combining different methods,
even where they actually perform similar functions (such as cognitive
mapping and rich pictures) can often provide a 'triangulation' on the
situation, generating new insights and providing more confidence in the
results by validating each other. The next section will look at each of
these points in more detail.
(p.289-290)
interventionは4つのフェーズとしてみることができる，というはなし．
The following four phases have been identified (Mingers and
Brocklesby, 1997): * Appreciation of the situation as experienced by
the practitioners involved and expressed by any actors in the
situation. This will involve an initial identification of the concerns
to be addressed, conceptualization and design of the study, and the
production of basis data using methods such as observation, interviews,
experiments, surveys, or qualitatibe approaches. Note that this cannot
be an 'observer-independent' view of the situation 'as it really is'.
The practitioner's previous experience and their access to the
situation will condition it. * Analysis of the information produced so
as to be able to understand and explain why the situation is as it is.
This will involve analytid methods appropriate to the goal(s) of the
intervention and the information produced in the first stage.
Explanation will be in terms of possible hypothetical mechanisms or
structures that, if they existed, would produce the phenomena that have
been observed, measured, or experienced. * Assessment of the postulated
explanation(s) in terms of other predicted effects, alternative
possible explanations, and consideration of ways in which the situation
could be other than it is. Interpretation of the results, and inference
to other situations. * Action to bring about changes, if necessary or
desired.
(p.292)
けれど，これはdiscreteなステップとして考えるのではなく，プロジェクトの進捗状況にそって相対的重要性が変化すると考える．概念図は下のように書ける．
さいごに，multimethodologyの分類．
The essence of multimethodology is to utilize more than
one methodology or part thereof, possibly from different paradigm,
within a single intervention. There are several ways in which such
combinations can occur, each having different problems and
possibilities. Broadly, we can distinguish the following: * Methodology
combination: using two or more whole methodologies within an
intervention. * Methodology enhancement: using one main methodology but
enhancing it by importing methods from elsewhere. * Single-paradigm
multimethodology: Combining parts of several methodologies all from the
same paradigm. * Multi-paradigm multimethodology: as above, but using
methods from different paradigms.
(p.308)
面白かった．この本買おうかな．
Posted by ysk5 at November 5, 2004 12:24 PM