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January 24, 2005

Takahara(2004)

Yasuhiko Takahara. "A Formal Model of Organization" in Applied General
Systems Research on Organizations (S. Takahashi, K. Kijima, R. Sato
(Eds.)) Chapter 1, pp.3-35, Springer-Verlag, 2004.
インパクトあります．
研究の方向性の基礎になると思う．
組織の層別と相互作用について．
しっかりとおさえておく．

The technical level, which is the innermost layer, is
protected from the environment by the other levels and is concerned
with the primary operational task of an organization, or the
transformation of the resource input into organization product. Its
activity is characterized by economic-technical rationality by forming
a closed technical core. Because the uncertainty of the environment is
irrelevant to this level, a closed system view is appicable. The
institutional level, which is the outermost layer, faces the
environment or the information input and absorbs the uncertainty
characteristic of openness and adapts to the environmental change by
modifying organizational parameters and the structure. This level
constitutes the adaptive and maintenance mechanism of an organization.
The organizational goal is transformed into an operational goal, called
the global goal, by the institutional level depending on the state of
the environment. The organizational level is a mediator between the
institutional level and the technical level. The global goal provides a
guideline for the activity of the organizaitonal level which
coordinates the behaviors of the technical core by controlling the
allocaiton of resources to the technical level.
(pp.5-6)

GSTはぼくの理解だとcyberneticsから来ていて，さらにVSMもcyberneticsから来ているから，そういう意味でrestatementなのか．

If the combination of the coordination level and the
adaptaiton/self-organization level corresponds to the management layer
of the three-layer model of VSM, the GST hierarchical structure becomes
a restatement of the VSM.

qualitative mathematics(GST)とcopmutational approach(COT)は補完的というはなし．
しかし，ぼくは残念ながらこれらの2つの研究がうまく連携しているとは思わない．
一方のモデルから他方のモデルへと結果をよりダイレクトに転写できるようなモデルがないからだ．
で，ぼくらの研究ですよと．

The qualitative mathematics and the computational approach
are complementary. The former approach provides a grand theory in
formal terms while the latter approach can discuss detailed behaviors
about an organization in concrete terms. The former is more concerned
with the structure of an organization while the latter is more
concerned with the process behavior of an organization. A qualitative
mathematics theory presents a general view while a computational theory
presents a concrete view. In this sense both approaches must be used
for development of a formal theory of an organization.

organizationa cyberneticsとCOTの違いについて．
COTのほうがdynamicalな表現力があり，management resourceも明示的に表現可能であると．

There are two things which may be said to distinguish COT
from organizational cybernetics theory. First, COT emphasizes the
dyanamics of an agent or of an organization. Because variables of the
organizational cybernetics theory that describe an organization or a
goal-seeking model (or an agent) can be time functions, a model of the
organization in the sense of functional analysis. It is clear, however,
that dynamics of an organization in the sense of functional analysis. A
differential/difference equation is sometimes required for the
representation. In this sense, COT has an advantage in investigating
the dynamics over the organizational cybernetics theory. The second
point that distinguishes COT from organizational cybernetics theory is
that, although constraints of management resources are critical
problems in the management of an organization, they are implicitly
handled as constraints to a goal-seeking activity in the organizational
cybernetics theory. The problem can be treated more explicitly in COT.
(pp.14)

Posted by ysk5 at January 24, 2005 01:43 PM