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June 11, 2005
Engwell(1976)
Lars Engwell. "Response Time of Organizations". The Journal of Management Studies, Vol.13, No.1, pp.1-15, 1976.
offerに対するレスポンスのスピードから，環境と組織の適応について考えている．
コンティンジェンシーな要因として，組織の行動の結果であるofferに対するレスポンスのスピードが，組織が認識している環境(外的，内的)の差異から生まれているという仮説群を検証するアプローチ．
In this study we will focus on the exchange of information
between organizations using an experimental technique. The question we
are addressing in that context, however, concerns not the communication
pattern but the speed of communication between business firms and their
environment. Specifically, we will investigate the handling of bidding
requests, an activity of prime importance for firms which produce
non-standardized products and services.
Engwell(1976) pp.1
仮説群は以下にしめすもの．
Summing up, we hypothesize that
H1: firms respond more quickly to bidding requests than to requests for general information.
Moreover, we hypothesize that prompt responders differ from slow reaponders in that they
H2: (a) are smaller, or
(b) are large firms with special bidding units,
H3: have a smaller share of permanent customers,
H4: have a lower order rate,
H5: take competitor prices into consideration to a greater extent,
H6: offer lower prices,
H7: are more inclined to stress the importance of speed in bidding,
H8: have more bidding resources per request.
Engwell(1976) pp.3
結果をまとめると，以下のようになる．
それぞれ特性が異なるような組織群において，直面している環境が異なるときに，組織のアクション(適応した行為としての)が異なれば，これはまさにコンティンジェンシーな状況であろう．
The main impression from the results of this study is that
prompt responders are more dependent on the market than slow
responders. Every order is more important for them since they are
smaller, have a smaller proportion of permanent customers and have a
lower order rate. As a result they look more at prices of competitors
and offer lower prices in order to obtain the order. Their dependency
on the market probably also makes them answer a larger share of the
requests received. As a result they devote less resources to each bid,
a circumstance which may explain their lower order rate.
Engwell(1976) pp.10
この論文からは命題(仮説)が絞り出せそうでよい．
この論文からの枝葉．
- Allen, T. J. and Cohen, S.. "Information Flow in Research and
Development Laboratories". Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.14,
No.1, pp.12-19, March, 1969.
Posted by ysk5 at June 11, 2005 01:14 PM
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